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Passenger Car Brake Disc Structure and Types

2024-10

Passenger car brake discs are a key component in the braking system of an automobile, and their main function is to convert the kinetic energy of the vehicle into heat energy by rubbing against the brake pads, thus slowing down or stopping the vehicle. Here is some common information about passenger car brake discs:
Structure and Principle
Structure: Brake discs generally consist of two parts: the disc body and the hub. The disk body is the part that is in direct contact with the brake pads and is usually round with a smooth surface to ensure good friction performance. The hub is used to fix the disc on the axle of the vehicle so that the disc can rotate with the wheel.
Working Principle: When the driver presses the brake pedal, the hydraulic fluid in the brake system transmits the pressure to the brake caliper, which presses the brake pads firmly against the rotating disc, generating braking force through the friction between the two and slowing down the wheel until it stops rotating.
Types
Solid brake disk: simple structure, low cost, suitable for some small passenger cars that do not require high braking performance. However, when braking continuously, the heat dissipation performance is relatively poor, and is prone to thermal recession.
Ventilated brake discs: Ventilated channels are designed inside the brake discs so that air can flow through the channels, thus improving heat dissipation efficiency. This type of disc can better cope with frequent braking and high-speed braking needs, effectively reducing thermal degradation, and is widely used in medium and high-end passenger cars.
Perforated discs: The surface of the disc is perforated with a number of small holes, which can help expel dust and gas generated during braking and also improve heat dissipation to a certain extent. In addition, the perforated design can also increase the friction between the brake pads and the brake discs to improve the braking effect. However, the manufacturing process of perforated brake discs is relatively complex and costly.
Scribed discs: There are many fine lines engraved on the surface of the disc, which serve a similar purpose as perforation, improving braking performance, preventing air resistance between the brake pads and the disc, and improving the reliability and stability of braking. Scribed discs are also commonly used in high-performance passenger cars.